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Lepidium didymum

L. (1767)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Brassicales Family: Brassicaceae Genus: Lepidium

ihiihiione (Niihau via St. John), peppergrass, pepperwort, swinecress, swinecress

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Sparsely pubescent, aromatic annual or biennial herbs.

Stems: Outer stems prostrate, 1–4 dm long.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate or rarely opposite. Basal leaves oblong in outline, 3–10 cm long, deeply pinnatifid. stem leaves similar but shorter. Margins lobed, lobes dentate. Petioles of basal leaves 0.5–4(–6) cm. Cauline leaves petiolate to subsessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in racemes usually axillary. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic or rarely slightly irregular. Calyx of 4 sepals, deciduous, erect, usually oblong, sometimes the inner 2 with gibbous bases that hold the nectar. Corolla of 4 petals, white, spatulate, scarcely exceeding the sepals, ca. 1 mm long. Stamens 2 tetradynamous, the inner 4 usually in pairs, sometimes connate at base in pairs; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2(4?)-carpellate, usually 2-celled by means of a false, but usually complete septum, rarely 1-celled, sessile or rarely stipitate; ovules 1 to numerous, borne on parietal placentas on replum margin at periphery of ovary wall, campylotropous or occasionally anatropous; style 1 or occasionally absent; stigma capitate.

Fruit: Capsules divided into 2 cells by the usually thin and membranous septum; elongate (at least 3 times as long as wide) referred to as a silicle; deeply constricted at apex and base; producing a fruit with 2 globose halves on opposite sides of a narrow partition; indehiscent; reticulate or wrinkled; sometimes tuberculate; didymous; 2–2.5 mm wide; finely wrinkled. Seeds 1 per cell; often becoming mucilaginous when wet; endosperm essentially absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 32

Habitat: Naturalized in dry; disturbed sites; especially common in lawns.

Elevation Range: 0–2100 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Mokupāpapa (Kure atoll) Naturalized
Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Naturalized
Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized
Kaua'i Naturalized
Manawai (Pearl & Hermes Atoll) Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Kamole(Laysan Island) Extirpated
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Mant. Pl.: 92 (1767)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:403 (Mi, PH, Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H [as Coronopus didymus]); Al-Shehbaz et al. 2002:6 (Syn. C. didymus = L. didymum); Staples et al. 2003:9 (La); Imada & Kennedy 2020:72 (Ku); Starr & Starr 2013b (La†, 2013)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Lepidium didymum L. Oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/31/1909
2 Lepidium didymum L. molokini islet rare along inner slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1228 Maui BISH 2/14/1982
3 Lepidium didymum L. southeast island. collected from an extensive, nearly pure colony growing on the northern side of the western part of the islan PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 6489 Hawaii BISH 7/7/1980
4 Lepidium didymum L. Upper Makakilo, adjacent to developed subdivision at end of Pueonani Street Open area in solid Panicum maximum grassland, with /Waltheria indica, Sida fallax, Eleusine indica, Verbesina encelioides, Sonchus oleraceus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. Crago, L. Collector Number: 2004-24 Oahu BISH 3/9/2004
5 Lepidium didymum L. Airplane field, in ,owed grass, Kapaa Quarry Road, Kailua In mowed grass at edge of airplane field. Soil moist, loamy. Full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. 2005-021 Oahu BISH 1/20/2005
6 Lepidium didymum L. napali coast, nualolo kai. west side of valley on talus slope near backwall. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN n. tangalin 2314 LSU 5/3/2010
7 Lepidium didymum L. West end of Mahaulepu area in pockets of soil on top of limestone cliffs overlooking ocean. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN John J. Fay 167 Kauai PTBG 2/1/1974
8 Lepidium didymum L. Mokapu, offshore islet east of Kalaupapa Peninsula. Chamaesyce celastroides/Chenopodium oahuense coastal dry shrubland with Diospyros forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 8307 Mokapu PTBG 3/8/2000
9 Lepidium didymum L. KAUAI: Napali Coast, Nualolo Kai. West side of valley on talus slope near backwall. Talus slope with Polycarpon tetraphyllum, Anagallis arvensis, Xanthium strumarium var. canadense, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Pityrogramma austroamericana, Pluchea, Ageratina, Emilia fosbergii, Plantago lanceolata, Momordica charantia, Erigeron karvinskianus, Myoporum sandwicense, Chenopodium murale, Adiantum hispidulum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2314 Kauai PTBG 5/3/2010
10 Lepidium didymum L. Kokee State Park. Mohihi Road near Waineke Swamp. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 974 Kauai PTBG 12/28/1984
11 Lepidium didymum L. MAUI: W. Maui, Lahaina District, Honokahua. Elev. 200 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H700118 Maui PTBG 7/27/2000
12 Lepidium didymum L. Puu Waawaa, Umii Manu cave. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2065 Hawaii PTBG 9/1/1992
13 Lepidium didymum L. Lawai Valley, P.T.B.G. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 2274 Kauai PTBG 12/1/2030
14 Lepidium didymum L. KAUAI: Koloa District. Mahaulepu. In Casuarina grove in dune s behind Haula. Elev. ca 100 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1969 Kauai PTBG 11/25/1986
15 Lepidium didymum L. KAUAI: Salt Pond Beach Park area, ancient salt pans and littoral vegetation, western end of Hanapepe makai of Burns Field perimeter, shrubland/grassland/herbland with Sida fallax, Jacquemontia ovalifolia, Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp brasiliensis, Sporobolus virginicus, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Scaevola taccada, Vigna marina, Panicum torridum, Panicum fauriei v. latius, Lycium sandwicense PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11136 Kauai PTBG 2/14/2005
16 Lepidium didymum L. Kure Atoll. Around LORAN buildings and roadsides in that area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 6252 Green PTBG 1/4/1979
17 Lepidium didymum L. In and on the slopes of Makiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Heller, A. A. 1974 Oahu US 3/21/1994
18 Lepidium didymum L. Palawa, Kaluanui Flats PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G. 5802 Lanai US 4/1/1976
19 Lepidium didymum L. in and on the slopes of makiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. a. heller 1974 Maui US 3/21/1994
20 Lepidium didymum L. james campbell national wildlife refuge, kahuku, in vicinity of bird-viewing gazebo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. imada, a. engilis & t. duk 92-17 Oahu US 4/5/1992
21 Lepidium didymum L. honolulu district, koko head. to east and south of ihiihilauakea crater. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN m. bruegmann 145 Oahu US 1/29/1984
22 Lepidium didymum L. Honolulu, upper Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13745 Oahu US 6/16/2016
23 Lepidium didymum L. Honolulu District, Koko Head. To east and south of Ihiihilauakea Crater. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bruegmann, M. M. 145 Oahu US 1/29/1984
24 Lepidium didymum L. Below Ewa & Sisal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 2325.O. Oahu US 3/14/2016
25 Lepidium didymum L. Napali Coast, Nualolo Kai. West side of valley on talus slope near backwall. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tangalin, N. 2314 Kauai US 5/3/2010
26 Lepidium didymum L. tantalus, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 3/31/1908
27 Lepidium didymum L. Kaeo Cliffs, W Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 29583 Molokai US 2/22/1948
28 Lepidium didymum L. makapuu pt., near waimanalo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17226 Oahu US
29 Lepidium didymum L. Kalaupapa National Historical Park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN B. H. Gagn?? & J. Trainer 3153 Molokai US 9/17/2000
30 Lepidium didymum L. James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge, Kahuku, in vicinity of bird-viewing gazebo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C. T.; Engilis, A.; Duk, T. 92-17 Oahu US 4/5/1992
31 Lepidium didymum L. Along the highway near the lands of Waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G. 5750 Molokai US 3/10/1976
32 Lepidium didymum L. kalaupapa national historical park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN b. h. gagné & j. trainer 3153 Molokai US 9/17/2000
33 Lepidium didymum L. honolulu, upper manoa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13745 Oahu US 6/16/1916
34 Lepidium didymum L. along the highway near the lands of waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & g. spence 5750 Molokai US 3/10/1976
35 Lepidium didymum L. below ewa & sisal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 2325.o. Oahu US 3/14/1916
36 Lepidium didymum L. palawa, kaluanui flats PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & g. spence 5802 Lanai US 4/1/1976
37 Lepidium didymum L. Kalaupapa National Historical Park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagn�, B. H.; Trainer, J. 3153 Molokai US 9/17/2000
38 Lepidium didymum L. hnp, maui halemau trail Grows in a tangles mass with very disagreeable odor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN olson, g.e. collector number: 62 Maui BISH 7/11/1937
39 Lepidium didymum L. HNP, Maui Halemau Trail Grows in a tangles mass with very disagreeable odor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Olson, G.E. 62 Maui BISH 7/11/1937
40 Lepidium didymum L. palawai, kaluanui flats PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. spence, g. collector number: 5802 Oahu BISH 4/1/1976
41 Lepidium didymum L. E central part of island, between Kaulana Gulch and base of Moaula Growing on eroded slope in Andropogon pertusus grassland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 423 Kahoolawe BISH 4/25/1980
42 Lepidium didymum L. KAUAI: Menehune Fish Pond, Niumalu, Okada property in Alien vegetation dominated by Rhizophora mangle and Hibiscus tiliaceus with Cocos nucifera, Casuarina equisetifolia, Pluchea indica, Thespesia populnea, Chrysophyllum, Macaranga, Ricinis communis, Panicum maximum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5893 Kauai PTBG 12/20/1996
43 Lepidium didymum L. Southeast Island, part of the Northwest Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wegmann, A. s.n. Pearl And Hermes Atoll BISH 10/3/2001
44 Lepidium didymum L. Makapuu Pt., near Waimanalo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 17226 Oahu US 12/25/2020
45 Lepidium didymum L. hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mann, h. brigham, w.t. collector number: 331 Oahu BISH
46 Lepidium didymum L. U.H. Campus, Mauka Field Laboratory (Dept. of Agronomy and Soils) A weed growing on a dirt pile in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2250 Oahu BISH 4/15/1986
47 Lepidium didymum L. Kalaupapa National Historical Park Coastal strand vegetation. Plant invading post-deer damage. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagn??, B.H. Trainer, J. Collector Number: 3153 Molokai BISH 9/17/2000
48 Lepidium didymum L. Mokuleia Beach, Waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 24342 Oahu BISH 1/1/1957
49 Lepidium didymum L. alekoko valley (?) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai BISH 6/14/1926
50 Lepidium didymum L. coral plain below ewa mill & sisal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2325 Oahu BISH 5/14/1916
51 Lepidium didymum L. kamehameha school campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN brown, f.b.h. thompson collector number: 1321 Oahu BISH 12/31/1924
52 Lepidium didymum L. southeast island, part of the northwest hawaiian islands national wildlife refuge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wegmann, a. collector number: s.n. Pearl And Hermes Reef BISH 10/3/2001
53 Lepidium didymum L. Alekoko Valley (?) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s.n. Kauai BISH 6/14/1926
54 Lepidium didymum L. East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Paliku Control Cabin Growing with kikuyu grass in cleared area around cabin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, R. s.n. Maui BISH 7/14/1986
55 Lepidium didymum L. tantalus in honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 3/31/1909
56 Lepidium didymum L. Molokini Islet rare along inner slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1228 Maui BISH 2/14/1982
57 Lepidium didymum L. Kaeo Cliffs, West Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 29583 Molokai BISH 2/22/1948
58 Lepidium didymum L. taauhau 2 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. Hawaii BISH 6/1/1910
59 Lepidium didymum L. yard of home H.B. Castle Homestead, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Student at University of Hawaii s.n. Oahu BISH 2/26/1931
60 Lepidium didymum L. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Grounds PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Suehiro, A. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/13/1963
61 Lepidium didymum L. Airplane field, in ,owed grass, Kapaa Quarry Road, Kailua In mowed grass at edge of airplane field. Soil moist, loamy. Full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. Kennedy, B. Collector Number: 2005-021 Oahu BISH 1/20/2005
62 Lepidium didymum L. sand island area 7: north of taxi strip on northwest shore of sand island, magazine area Densely forested with Scaevola fringe above beach, (including Frigate Point) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lamoureux, c.h. collector number: 2197 Midway Atoll BISH 12/15/1962
63 Lepidium didymum L. along the highway near the lands of waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. spence, g. collector number: 5750 Molokai BISH 3/10/1976
64 Lepidium didymum L. Kamehameha school campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Brown, F.B.H. 1321 Oahu BISH 12/31/1924
65 Lepidium didymum L. Coral plain below Ewa and Sisal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2325.O Oahu BISH 3/14/1916
66 Lepidium didymum L. Eastern Island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Frings, H.W. 50 Midway Atoll BISH 4/16/1962
67 Lepidium didymum L. u.h. campus, mauka field laboratory (dept. of agronomy and soils) A weed growing on a dirt pile in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2250 Oahu BISH 4/15/1986
68 Lepidium didymum L. parker ranch, nienie hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 8325 Hawaii BISH 6/1/1910
69 Lepidium didymum L. moanalua valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 2/18/1909
70 Lepidium didymum L. E central part of island, slope of Moaula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 433 Kahoolawe BISH 4/25/1980
71 Lepidium didymum L. University of Hawaii campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10461 Oahu BISH 4/5/1930
72 Lepidium didymum L. Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2666 Hawaii BISH
73 Lepidium didymum L. mouth of halawa valley, grassy sand flat, much trampled, PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 13408 Molokai BISH 12/25/1936
74 Lepidium didymum L. pukoo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Molokai BISH 6/10/1910
75 Lepidium didymum L. James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge, Kahuku. In vicinity of bird-viewing gazebo Weed on dry ground on levee between ponds. Collection made under sponsorship by Ducks Unlimited, Inc. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. 92-17 Oahu BISH 4/5/1992
76 Lepidium didymum L. miki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 254 Hawaii BISH 12/21/1913
77 Lepidium didymum L. SAND ISLAND Area 7: North of taxi strip on northwest shore of Sand Island, Magazine Area Densely forested with Scaevola fringe above beach, (including Frigate Point) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lamoureux, C.H. 2197 Midway Atoll BISH 12/15/1962
78 Lepidium didymum L. Koko Crater, dry open slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christophersen, E. 1301 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
79 Lepidium didymum L. Kokee State Park. Mohihi Rd. near Waineke Swamp Common along road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 974 Kauai BISH 8/28/1984
80 Lepidium didymum L. Moanalua Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/18/1909
81 Lepidium didymum L. Eastern Island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Frings, H.W. 46 Midway Atoll BISH 4/16/1962
82 Lepidium didymum L. mauna kea state park, 18.4 mi along saddle rd. from jct. hawaii belt rd. (hwy. 190) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w.; lammers, t.; weller, s.; sakai, a.; davis-jacobsen, j. collector number: 5575 Hawaii BISH 6/25/1985
83 Lepidium didymum L. mokuauia islet, oahu in central western part of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. starr, k. collector number: 050222-3 Oahu BISH 2/22/2007
84 Lepidium didymum L. Koloa District. Mahaulepu. In Casuarina grove in dumes behind Haula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 1969 Kauai BISH 11/25/1986
85 Lepidium didymum L. ewa beach PRESERVED_SPECIMEN char, w.p. et al. collector number: prc144 Hawaii BISH 1/30/1982
86 Lepidium didymum L. East Molokai, North Coast, Kukaiwaa on windswept peninsula Growing in a thick carpet of Fimbristylis pycnocephala, low prostrate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2185 Molokai BISH 8/27/1984
87 Lepidium didymum L. Kaeo Cliffs, West Molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. Collector Number: 29583 Molokai BISH 2/22/1948
88 Lepidium didymum L. Molokai Pukoo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie, U.J., Abbé s.n. Molokai BISH 6/1/1910
89 Lepidium didymum L. In pineapple field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 470 Lanai BISH 6/23/1931
90 Lepidium didymum L. honopu beach PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 7/18/1984
91 Lepidium didymum L. hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2666 Hawaii BISH
92 Lepidium didymum L. keauhou ranch Growing along Pu'u O'o Road near a paddock. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 725 Hawaii BISH 5/5/1982
93 Lepidium didymum L. Uwekahuna Blutt. Found in shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 452 Hawaii BISH 3/15/1943
94 Lepidium didymum L. lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 286 Lanai BISH 12/6/1913
95 Lepidium didymum L. Koko Head PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Swezey, O.H. s.n. Oahu BISH 1920-00-00
96 Lepidium didymum L. Palawai, Kaluanui Flats PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5802 Lanai BISH 4/1/1976
97 Lepidium didymum L. eastern-central part of island, between kaulana gulch and base of moaula Growing on eroded slope in Andropogon pertusus grassland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. clarke, g. collector number: 423 Kahoolawe BISH 4/25/1980
98 Lepidium didymum L. Tantalus in Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/31/1909
99 Lepidium didymum L. oahu sugar co PRESERVED_SPECIMEN swezey, o.h. Oahu BISH 5/20/1930
100 Lepidium didymum L. Honopu Beach PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Joyce s.n. Kauai BISH 7/18/1984
101 Lepidium didymum L. crest of koolau range, head of kamiloiki valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-110a Oahu BISH 6/12/1937
102 Lepidium didymum L. auwahi, s slope of haleakala wet, mossy woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2023 Molokai BISH 3/19/1920
103 Lepidium didymum L. mokuleia beach, waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 24342 Oahu BISH 1/8/1957
104 Lepidium didymum L. kalaupapa; peninsula, base of lighthouse stairs along rock wall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wysong, m.l. collector number: 617 Molokai BISH 2/8/2005
105 Lepidium didymum L. Green Island around LORAN Bldgs and roadsides in that area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 6252 Kure Atoll BISH 1/4/1979
106 Lepidium didymum L. Area between Puu Moaula and Lua Makika growing in grassland area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 8039 Kahoolawe BISH 11/22/1978
107 Lepidium didymum L. Keauhou Ranch Growing along Pu'u O'o Road near a paddock. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Cuddihy, L.W. Collector Number: 725 Hawaii BISH 5/5/1982
108 Lepidium didymum L. Mouth of Halawa Valley, grassy sand flat, much trampled, PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 13408 Molokai BISH 12/25/1936
109 Lepidium didymum L. east maui, haleakala crater, paliku control cabin Growing with kikuyu grass in cleared area around cabin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, r. collector number: s.n. Maui BISH 7/14/1986
110 Lepidium didymum L. kaimuki, honolulu, hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN topping, d.l. collector number: 2995 Oahu BISH 1/21/1925
111 Lepidium didymum L. Kaimuki, Honolulu, Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Topping, D.L. 2995 Oahu BISH 1/21/1925
112 Lepidium didymum L. kaeo cliffs, west molokai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 29583 Molokai BISH 2/22/1948
113 Lepidium didymum L. james campbell national wildlife refuge, kahuku. in vicinity of bird-viewing gazebo Weed on dry ground on levee between ponds. Collection made under sponsorship by Ducks Unlimited, Inc. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. engilis, a.; dr.duk, mccafferty, t. collector number: 92-17 Oahu BISH 4/5/1992
114 Lepidium didymum L. yard of home h.b. castle homestead, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN student at university of hawaii Oahu BISH 2/26/1931
115 Lepidium didymum L. airplane field, in ,owed grass, kapaa quarry road, kailua Mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. kennedy, b. collector number: 2005-021 Oahu BISH 1/20/2005
116 Lepidium didymum L. honolulu, grounds of bishop museum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 5/6/1952
117 Lepidium didymum L. West Maui, Lahaina District, Honokohau, Pohakupule PRESERVED_SPECIMEN B. H. Gagn???? & J. Trainer 3153 Maui HAPI 9/17/2000
118 Lepidium didymum L. koko head, maunalua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krauss, n.h. Maui BISH 3/25/1933
119 Lepidium didymum L. Miki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 254 Lanai BISH 12/21/1913
120 Lepidium didymum L. coral plain below ewa and sisal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2325 Oahu BISH 3/14/1916
121 Lepidium didymum L. Lanai City PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 28557 Lanai BISH 8/15/1963
122 Lepidium didymum L. Ewa Plains Survey-U.S.F.&W. Campbell Industrial Park area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 8193 Oahu BISH 2/1/1979
123 Lepidium didymum L. Auwahi, S slope of Haleakala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2023.M Maui BISH 3/19/1920
124 Lepidium didymum L. Popoia Islet, Oahu on west side near coast growing in sands inside limestone hole. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 050223-7 Oahu BISH 2/23/2005
125 Lepidium didymum L. Upper Makakilo, adjacent to developed subdivision at end of Pueonani Street Open area in solid Panicum maximum grassland, with /Waltheria indica, Sida fallax, Eleusine indica, Verbesina encelioides, Sonchus oleraceus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. 2004-24 Oahu BISH 3/9/2004
126 Lepidium didymum L. Parker ranch, Pokanaka, plowed field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 174 Hawaii BISH 4/21/1932
127 Lepidium didymum L. laniloa (?) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cooke, c.m. Oahu BISH 2/1/1919
128 Lepidium didymum L. pacific remote islands national wildlife refuge, in flat rocky area, ca 200 m from beach Collected at former guano mining site, in area with high concentration of albatross nestings. Most species in area are alien: Sporobolus, Solanum americanum, Conyza bonariensis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN martin, a. collector number: 2 Laysan BISH 3/12/2002
129 Lepidium didymum L. Pacific Remote Islands National Wildlife Refuge, in flat rocky area, ca 200 m from beach Collected at former guano mining site, in area with high concentration of albatross nestings. Most species in area are alien: Sporobolus, Solanum americanum, Conyza bonariensis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Martin, A. 2 Laysan BISH 3/12/2002
130 Lepidium didymum L. along road leading to kaluanui valley moist, wooded PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 3/21/1978
131 Lepidium didymum L. Ewa Beach PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Char, W.P. PRC 144 Oahu BISH 1/30/1982
132 Lepidium didymum L. Laniloa (?) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cooke, C.M. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/1/1919
133 Lepidium didymum L. Taauhau 2 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Hawaii BISH 6/1/1910
134 Lepidium didymum L. Honopu Beach PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: s.n. Kauai BISH 7/18/1984
135 Lepidium didymum L. kalaupapa national historical park Coastal strand vegetation. Plant invading post-deer damage. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, b.h. trainer, j. collector number: 3153 Molokai BISH 9/17/2000
136 Lepidium didymum L. upper makakilo, adjacent to developed subdivision at end of pueonani street Open area in solid Panicum maximum grassland, with /Waltheria indica, Sida fallax, Eleusine indica, Verbesina encelioides, Sonchus oleraceus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. crago, l. collector number: 2004-24 Oahu BISH 3/9/2004
137 Lepidium didymum L. P.T.B.G., Lawai Valley Uncommon in Valley. Native to Eurasia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2274 Kauai BISH 12/30/1971
138 Lepidium didymum L. in pineapple field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 470 Lanai BISH 6/23/1931
139 Lepidium didymum L. honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1026 Oahu BISH 1/15/1909
140 Lepidium didymum L. east molokai, north coast, kukaiwaa on windswept peninsula Growing in a thick carpet of Fimbristylis pycnocephala, low prostrate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2185 Molokai BISH 8/27/1984
141 Lepidium didymum L. Southeast Island. Collected from an extensive, nearly pure colony growing on the northern side of the western part of the islan PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 6489 Hawaii BISH 7/7/1980
142 Lepidium didymum L. kaeo cliffs, w molokai Tiny sedge growing in wet mud on pond banks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 29583 Oahu BISH 2/22/1948
143 Lepidium didymum L. eastern-central part of island,slope of moaula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. char, w.p. collector number: 433 Kahoolawe BISH 4/25/1980
144 Lepidium didymum L. South Kohala District, east of Queen Kaahumanu Hwy, between Mauna Lani Drive and Puako turnoff. Dry area with scant vegetation; open grassland with scattered Prosopis pallida. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Funk, E.J. N-27 Hawaii BISH 2/4/1991
145 Lepidium didymum L. Oahu Sugar Co PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Swezey, O.H. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/20/1930
146 Lepidium didymum L. Coral plain below Ewa Mill & Sisal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2325.O Oahu BISH 5/14/1916
147 Lepidium didymum L. Keauhou Ranch Growing along Pu'u O'o Road near a paddock. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 725 Hawaii BISH 5/5/1982
148 Lepidium didymum L. Along the highway near the lands of Waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5750 Molokai BISH 3/10/1976
149 Lepidium didymum L. koko head PRESERVED_SPECIMEN swezey, o.h. Oahu BISH 1/1/1920
150 Lepidium didymum L. eastern island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN frings, h.w. collector number: 50 Midway Atoll BISH 4/16/1962
151 Lepidium didymum L. west molokai, kaeo cliffs Common locally at tops of cliffs of volcanic rock PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 29583 Molokai BISH 2/22/1948
152 Lepidium didymum L. kokee state park. mohihi rd. near waineke swamp Common along road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 974 Kauai BISH 8/28/1984
153 Lepidium didymum L. popoia islet, oahu on west side near coast In closed Metrosideros forest. Frequent on Metrosideros branches. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. starr, k. collector number: 050223-7 Maui BISH 2/23/2005
154 Lepidium didymum L. ewa plains survey-u.s.f.&w. campbell industrial park area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. collector number: 8193 Oahu BISH 2/1/1979
155 Lepidium didymum L. Mokuauia Islet, Oahu in central western part of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 050222-3 Oahu BISH 2/22/2007
156 Lepidium didymum L. West end of Mahaulepu area Locally common in pockets of soil at top of limestone cliffs overlooking the ocean. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fay, J.J. 167 Kauai BISH 2/1/1974
157 Lepidium didymum L. Honolulu, grounds of Bishop Museum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/6/1952
158 Lepidium didymum L. area between puu moaula and lua makika growing in grassland area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. stemmermann, r.l. collector number: 8039 Kahoolawe BISH 11/22/1978
159 Lepidium didymum L. Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mann, H. 331 Hawaii BISH 2/6/1905
160 Lepidium didymum L. Kalaupapa National Historical Park Coastal strand vegetation. Plant invading post-deer damage. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, B.H. 3153 Molokai BISH 9/17/2000
161 Lepidium didymum L. lanai city PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 28557 Lanai BISH 8/15/1963
162 Lepidium didymum L. between j.c.campbell refuge and beach Tropical Coastal Plants PRESERVED_SPECIMEN smith, m. collector number: 22 Oahu BISH 4/8/1986
163 Lepidium didymum L. university of hawaii campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 10461 Oahu BISH 4/5/1930
164 Lepidium didymum L. Sand Island. Along disturbed roadsides. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 6431 Midway Atoll BISH 1980-00-00
165 Lepidium didymum L. parker ranch, pokanaka, plowed field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 174 Hawaii BISH 4/21/1932
166 Lepidium didymum L. Parker Ranch, Nienie Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 8325 Hawaii BISH 6/1/1910
167 Lepidium didymum L. p.t.b.g., lawai valley Uncommon in Valley. Native to Eurasia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 2274 Kauai BISH 12/30/1971
168 Lepidium didymum L. eastern island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN frings, h.w. collector number: 46 Midway Atoll BISH 4/16/1962
169 Lepidium didymum L. oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 3/31/1909
170 Lepidium didymum L. uwekahuna blutt. found in shade Mesic summer-dry forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 452 Oahu BISH 3/15/1943
171 Lepidium didymum L. Crest of Koolau Range, head of Kamiloiki valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-110a Oahu BISH 6/12/1937
172 Lepidium didymum L. Tantalus, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/31/1908
173 Lepidium didymum L. Lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 286 Lanai BISH 12/6/1913
174 Lepidium didymum L. koko crater, dry open slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christophersen, e. collector number: 1301 Oahu BISH 4/6/1930
175 Lepidium didymum L. honolulu, bishop museum grounds PRESERVED_SPECIMEN suehiro, a. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 2/13/1963
176 Lepidium didymum L. koloa district. mahaulepu. in casuarina grove in dumes behind haula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 1969 Kauai BISH 11/25/1986
177 Lepidium didymum L. Between J.C.Campbell Refuge and Beach Tropical Coastal Plants PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Smith, M. 22 Oahu BISH 4/8/1986
178 Lepidium didymum L. Ulupau Head, Mokapu Peninsula (?) Sandy bottom of gully PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 10905 Oahu BISH 5/26/1935
179 Lepidium didymum L. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1026 Oahu BISH 1/15/1909
180 Lepidium didymum L. Kalaupapa; peninsula, base of lighthouse stairs along rock wall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wysong, M.L. 617 Molokai BISH 2/8/2005
181 Lepidium didymum L. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. Collector Number: 1026 Oahu BISH 1/15/1909
182 Lepidium didymum L. West Molokai, Kaeo Cliffs Common locally at tops of cliffs of volcanic rock PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 29583 Molokai BISH 2/22/1948
183 Lepidium didymum L. niihau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oahu BISH
184 Lepidium didymum L. ulupau head, mokapu peninsula (?) Sandy bottom of gully PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 10905 Oahu BISH 5/26/1935
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